TechnologyHow camera-based (CCTV) people counting works

Many stores and malls already have CCTV cameras. The question is whether those cameras can be used to count visitors. Here’s an overview of how camera-based people counting works and what determines the result.

1. A camera watches the entrance

Ideally the camera is mounted above or near the entrance, at an angle that clearly shows people walking through. Position, mounting height, and lighting all strongly affect count quality.

2. Counting lines and zones are set

A virtual line is drawn across the doorway in the camera image. When someone crosses it, the system records whether they entered or left. For deeper analysis, zones can also be defined — for example the area in front of the window or a particular display.

3. Video becomes aggregate numbers

The video is processed to detect people moving and record line crossings. Reports use aggregate numbers — counts per period, entrance, or zone — never people’s identities.

4. Counts are checked before use

Counts are compared with a reference count — for example a manual count from footage — over a set period. This makes sure the numbers on the dashboard are good enough to base decisions on.

Can any CCTV camera be used?

Not always. Cameras with a steep angle, low resolution, or a frequently blocked view may need adjusting or adding to. That’s why a site survey always comes first.

• An angle that clearly covers the doorway
• Sufficient, steady lighting throughout opening hours
• Access to video from the camera or recorder (NVR)
• A stable network connection on site